banger/internal/imagepull/imagepull.go

// Package imagepull pulls OCI container images from registries and lays
// them down as banger-ready ext4 rootfs files. The package is a primitive:
// it produces an ext4 file plus per-file ownership metadata. Higher layers
// (the daemon's PullImage orchestrator) decide where the file lands and
// how it gets registered.
//
// Three concerns:
//   - Pull resolves an OCI reference, selects the linux/amd64 platform,
//     and returns a v1.Image whose layer blobs are cached on disk so
//     re-pulls are cheap.
//   - Flatten replays the layers in order into a staging directory,
//     applies whiteouts, and rejects unsafe paths/symlinks.
//   - BuildExt4 turns that staging directory into an ext4 file via
//     `mkfs.ext4 -d` (no mount, no sudo).
//
// Limitations (Phase A v1):
//   - Anonymous registry pulls only. Auth is deferred.
//   - Hardcoded linux/amd64. Other platforms reject at Pull time.
//   - File ownership in the resulting ext4 is the runner's uid/gid;
//     setuid binaries and root-owned config files lose their original
//     ownership. Phase B will add a debugfs- or tar2ext4-based fixup
//     pass; until then the produced image is suitable as input to
//     `image build` but not directly bootable.
package imagepull

import (
	"context"
	"fmt"
	"os"
	"path/filepath"

	v1 "github.com/google/go-containerregistry/pkg/v1"
	"github.com/google/go-containerregistry/pkg/v1/cache"
	"github.com/google/go-containerregistry/pkg/v1/remote"

	"github.com/google/go-containerregistry/pkg/name"
)

// Platform is the only platform Phase A produces. Adding arm64 later is a
// matter of letting callers override this.
var Platform = v1.Platform{OS: "linux", Architecture: "amd64"}

// PulledImage is what Pull returns: the resolved OCI image plus enough
// reference metadata to identify it later (digest for cache keys,
// canonical name for logs).
type PulledImage struct {
	Reference string   // user-supplied reference, parsed and re-stringified
	Digest    string   // image manifest digest (sha256:...)
	Platform  string   // "linux/amd64"
	Image     v1.Image // go-containerregistry handle; layers, manifest, etc.
}

// Pull resolves ref against the public registry, selects the linux/amd64
// platform from any manifest list, and ensures the layer blobs are cached
// on disk under cacheDir/blobs/sha256/<hex>. Subsequent Pulls of the same
// digest are local-only.
func Pull(ctx context.Context, ref, cacheDir string) (PulledImage, error) {
	parsed, err := name.ParseReference(ref)
	if err != nil {
		return PulledImage{}, fmt.Errorf("parse oci ref %q: %w", ref, err)
	}
	if err := os.MkdirAll(cacheDir, 0o755); err != nil {
		return PulledImage{}, err
	}

	img, err := remote.Image(parsed,
		remote.WithContext(ctx),
		remote.WithPlatform(Platform),
	)
	if err != nil {
		return PulledImage{}, fmt.Errorf("fetch %q: %w", ref, err)
	}

	cached := cache.Image(img, cache.NewFilesystemCache(filepath.Join(cacheDir, "blobs")))

	digest, err := cached.Digest()
	if err != nil {
		return PulledImage{}, fmt.Errorf("resolve digest for %q: %w", ref, err)
	}

	// Touch the layers once so they are guaranteed present in the cache
	// before Flatten runs; surfaces network errors here, not deep inside
	// Flatten's hot loop.
	layers, err := cached.Layers()
	if err != nil {
		return PulledImage{}, fmt.Errorf("read layers for %q: %w", ref, err)
	}
	for i, layer := range layers {
		rc, err := layer.Compressed()
		if err != nil {
			return PulledImage{}, fmt.Errorf("fetch layer %d for %q: %w", i, ref, err)
		}
		_ = rc.Close()
	}

	return PulledImage{
		Reference: parsed.String(),
		Digest:    digest.String(),
		Platform:  Platform.OS + "/" + Platform.Architecture,
		Image:     cached,
	}, nil
}